Requests: HTTP for Humans¶
Release v2.9.1. (Installation)
Requests is an Apache2 Licensed HTTP library, written in Python, for human beings.
Python’s standard urllib2 module provides most of the HTTP capabilities you need, but the API is thoroughly broken. It was built for a different time — and a different web. It requires an enormous amount of work (even method overrides) to perform the simplest of tasks.
Things shouldn’t be this way. Not in Python.
>>> r = requests.get('https://api.github.com/user', auth=('user', 'pass'))
>>> r.status_code
200
>>> r.headers['content-type']
'application/json; charset=utf8'
>>> r.encoding
'utf-8'
>>> r.text
u'{"type":"User"...'
>>> r.json()
{u'private_gists': 419, u'total_private_repos': 77, ...}
See similar code, without Requests.
Requests takes all of the work out of Python HTTP/1.1 — making your integration with web services seamless. There’s no need to manually add query strings to your URLs, or to form-encode your POST data. Keep-alive and HTTP connection pooling are 100% automatic, powered by urllib3, which is embedded within Requests.
Testimonials¶
Her Majesty’s Government, Amazon, Google, Twilio, Runscope, Mozilla, Heroku, PayPal, NPR, Obama for America, Transifex, Native Instruments, The Washington Post, Twitter, SoundCloud, Kippt, Readability, Sony, and Federal US Institutions that prefer to be unnamed use Requests internally. It has been downloaded over 60,000,000 times from PyPI.
- Armin Ronacher
- Requests is the perfect example how beautiful an API can be with the right level of abstraction.
- Matt DeBoard
- I’m going to get @kennethreitz’s Python requests module tattooed on my body, somehow. The whole thing.
- Daniel Greenfeld
- Nuked a 1200 LOC spaghetti code library with 10 lines of code thanks to @kennethreitz’s request library. Today has been AWESOME.
- Kenny Meyers
- Python HTTP: When in doubt, or when not in doubt, use Requests. Beautiful, simple, Pythonic.
Feature Support¶
Requests is ready for today’s web.
- International Domains and URLs
- Keep-Alive & Connection Pooling
- Sessions with Cookie Persistence
- Browser-style SSL Verification
- Basic/Digest Authentication
- Elegant Key/Value Cookies
- Automatic Decompression
- Unicode Response Bodies
- Multipart File Uploads
- Connection Timeouts
.netrc
support- Python 2.6—3.4
- Thread-safe.
User Guide¶
This part of the documentation, which is mostly prose, begins with some background information about Requests, then focuses on step-by-step instructions for getting the most out of Requests.
- Introduction
- Installation
- Quickstart
- Make a Request
- Passing Parameters In URLs
- Response Content
- Binary Response Content
- JSON Response Content
- Raw Response Content
- Custom Headers
- More complicated POST requests
- POST a Multipart-Encoded File
- Response Status Codes
- Response Headers
- Cookies
- Redirection and History
- Timeouts
- Errors and Exceptions
- Advanced Usage
- Session Objects
- Request and Response Objects
- Prepared Requests
- SSL Cert Verification
- CA Certificates
- Body Content Workflow
- Keep-Alive
- Streaming Uploads
- Chunk-Encoded Requests
- POST Multiple Multipart-Encoded Files
- Event Hooks
- Custom Authentication
- Streaming Requests
- Proxies
- Compliance
- HTTP Verbs
- Link Headers
- Transport Adapters
- Blocking Or Non-Blocking?
- Timeouts
- Authentication
Community Guide¶
This part of the documentation, which is mostly prose, details the Requests ecosystem and community.
API Documentation¶
If you are looking for information on a specific function, class or method, this part of the documentation is for you.
Contributor Guide¶
If you want to contribute to the project, this part of the documentation is for you.